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Showing posts with label World News. Show all posts
Showing posts with label World News. Show all posts

Tattoos give you cancer: U.S. regulator probes inks contain carcinogenic chemicals, world news , daily news


Smoking, drinking, sunbathing and mobile phones have all been implicated in the surge in cancer diagnoses.
But now it seems another cause may soon be added to the ever-growing list: tattoos.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has launched an investigation after new research turned up troubling findings about toxic chemicals in tattoo ink.


Recently published studies have found that the inks can contain a host of dodgy substances, including some phthalates, metals, and hydrocarbons that are carcinogens and endocrine disruptors.

One chemical commonly used to make black tattoo ink called benzo(a)pyrene is known to be a potent carcinogen that causes skin cancer in animal tests.

Coloured inks often contain lead, cadmium, chromium, nickel, titanium and other heavy metals that could trigger allergies or diseases, scientists say.

Some pigments are industrial grade dyes 'suitable for printers' ink or automobile paint,' according to an FDA fact sheet.Now the FDA has launched an investigation into the long-term safety of the inks, including what happens when they break down in the body or fade from light exposure.

Joseph Braun, an environmental epidemiologist at Harvard University in Boston, Massachusetts, told Environmental Health News: 'The short answer is we don't know if the chemicals in tattoo inks represent a health hazard.'

An estimated 45million people in the U.S., including at least 36 per cent of adults in their late 30s, have at least one tattoo.

Particular concern surrounds the use of black tattoo inks, often made from soot containing products of combustion called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).

The PAHs in the inks include benzo(a)pyrene, a compound identified in an Environmental Protection Agency toxicity report as 'among the most potent and well-documented skin carcinogens.'
But serious epidemiological studies pose difficulties, since getting a tattoo is still risky behaviour.
Attempting to isolate whether these are the carcinogenic factors in a group of people who habitually engage in risk taking behaviours - like smoking - is impossible.

The FDA has the power to control tattoo inks under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, but up to now the agency has not flexed its regulatory muscles.

A spokesman for the agency said: 'Because the dyes and inks used in tattoos have not been approved by FDA, we do not know the specific composition of what these inks and dyes may contain.
'Therefore, we are unable to evaluate for chronic health concerns, such as cancer.'
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Canadian workers ill after cannabis brownie mix-up, world news , world news


Three office employees in the Canadian city of Victoria fell ill after a colleague unwittingly gave them chocolate brownies laced with cannabis.


Police were investigating a possible case of poisoning at the workplace after the three were taken to hospital feeling dizzy and disorientated.

The woman who brought in the cakes said she simply found them in her freezer.

But her son later admitted to police he had baked the cannabis cakes some time ago and forgotten about them.

Canadian media reports said police decided not to press charges because there had been no criminal intent.

But the son is expected to be ordered to take part in community work, said the Vancouver Sun.

All three affected colleagues were released from hospital after a few hours.
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US regulator to sue banks over subprime mortgage losses, world news , world news


US authorities are to sue 17 major banks for losses on mortgage-backed investments that cost taxpayers tens of billions of dollars.


The Federal Housing Finance Agency said it was taking action against banks including Goldman Sachs, Barclays, Bank of America, Deutsche Bank, and HSBC.

The agency says they misrepresented the quality of the mortgages they sold during the housing bubble.

The values plunged as the US was engulfed in the financial crisis.

The FHFA oversees mortgage giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

The two firms lost more than $30bn (£18.5bn), partly because of their investments in the subprime mortgages, and were bailed out by the US government.

Since the rescues, US taxpayers have spent more than $140bn to keep the firms afloat.

Other banks facing action include Royal Bank of Scotland, Nomura, Deutsche Bank, Citigroup, and Societe Generale.

A spokesman for RBS said: "We believe we have substantial and credible legal and factual defences to these claims and will defend them vigorously."

Speculation in recent days that the FHFA was about to launch legal action had led to falls in US bank share prices.

The FHFA said in a statement that there were "improper actions by the firms and individuals... Based on our review, FHFA alleges that the loans had different and more risky characteristics than the descriptions contained in the marketing and sales materials provided to the Enterprises for those securities."

Major banks are already negotiating with the attorneys general of all 50 states to settle mortgage abuses.

The banks were looking for a comprehensive deal that would protect them from future litigation.

But the FHFA's action may complicated attempts to reach a deal with the states.
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Chile air force plane disappears over Pacific, world news , world news


A Chilean air force plane carrying 21 people has disappeared over the Pacific Ocean on its way to the remote Juan Fernandez islands, the government said.



Chilean Defence Minister Andres Allamand said the Casa-212 plane had twice tried to land at the islands' airport before going missing.

The islands' mayor said conditions were rough and windy, and remains of the plane had been spotted in the water.

A TV crew were onboard, including popular presenter Felipe Camiroaga.

They were on their way to the islands to report on the aftermath of last year's devastating earthquake and tsunami.

The air force earlier said that as the plane was "getting closer to the island, radio communication with the airplane was lost," prompting a search effort by the navy and air force.

Mayor Gonzalez told state television TVN that some wreckage, including passengers' suitcases, had been found in waters about one kilometre (0.6 mile) from the islands' landing strip.

Mr Allamand said a navy frigate had been sent with a helicopter to carry out search and rescue work, and that a Hercules 130 plane was about to join the search.

The Juan Fernandez islands lie around 420 miles (670 km) off Chile's coast.
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Libya council seeks to restore order in Tripoli, world news , world news


Libya's new civilian leaders are beginning the process of restoring order in Tripoli after the revolution.



A military spokesman for the National Transitional Council (NTC) said fighters would be encouraged to return home or enlist in the army.

NTC leader Mustafa Abdel Jalil has said a panel of wise men and tribal leaders will be set up to aid reconciliation.

Mr Jalil's announcement came as he returned to Libya from a summit in Paris on the country's future.

He also said the NTC would move to the capital next week from its long-held base of Benghazi.

The BBC's Jeremy Bowen says Libya is enjoying its revolutionary honeymoon, even though ex-leader Col Muammar Gaddafi remains at large and some parts of the country remain under the control of troops loyal to him.

But there are large numbers of armed young rebel soldiers on the streets of Tripoli who have moved into the power vacuum created by Col Gaddafi overthrow, says our correspondent, and the NTC is now gradually persuading them to go home.

NTC military officer Gen Omar Hariri said most of these fighters were engineers, doctors, lawyers and other professionals who would eventually return to their jobs.

"These people abandoned everything to join the struggle against Gaddafi. They will go back to their previous life. Those who are left will be given a choice to join as regular soldiers," he said.
Kalashnikovs

There is concern also about the large number of weapons now on the streets of the capital and elsewhere, with the EU's senior representative in Tripoli warning that "everybody is wearing Kalashnikovs".

Ali Tarhouni, the NTC's senior member in Tripoli, told the BBC he was not too concerned about the guns at present as they were still needed "to hunt this killer", Col Gaddafi.But he continued: "My concern, when you talk about democracy, civil society and peaceful discourse, is that you don't really want to do that with anti-aircraft guns."

Thousands of people, most of them women, gathered in central Tripoli on Friday in a show of support for the interim leaders.

Many of the women said they wanted a greater say in Libya's future under the new leadership.

"We want women to get out because we can't do that a lot and express our feelings. We want education to change," said one 15-year-old girl.

At the Paris summit on Thursday, the NTC assured world leaders they would build a society based on tolerance and respect for the rule of law.

In turn, the states represented at the summit promised to ensure Libya's frozen assets were returned and to help the NTC put the country on the road to recovery.

The NTC says it urgently need cash and other resources to begin the reconstruction of Libya. Mr Jalil said 30% of Libyan assets which had been frozen under UN sanctions during Col Gaddafi's rule had now been released.

Meanwhile, Col Gaddafi's spokesman Moussa Ibrahim told Reuters he had walked around the suburbs of Tripoli on Thursday with Saif al-Islam Gaddafi, the fugitive former leader's son.

Mr Ibrahim said the fight was "very, very far from over" and that much of the regime's army was still in control of many areas

"We will be able to capture Tripoli back and many other cities in the near future," he said.

Col Gaddafi's whereabouts remain unknown, but several audio messages reported to be him have been broadcast by a loyalist TV channel in recent days in which he vowed to continue the fight.

The rebel fighters have given the Gaddafi-held towns of Sirte, Bani Walid and the southern town of Sabha until 10 September to surrender or face a military assault.
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Libyan war 'not over' as Gadhafi's son killed in battle, rebels say

Tripoli, Libya (CNN) -- Tripoli residents rang in the end of Ramadan with celebratory gunfire and fresh signs of economic life early Tuesday, though even rebel claims of the death of one of Moammar Gadhaf's most notorious sons were tempered by continuous fighting and challenges around Libya.


Hours earlier, Mahdi al-Harati -- the vice chairman of the rebel's Military Council, the military wing of the National Transitional Council -- told CNN that Khamis Ghadafi died after a battle with rebel forces Sunday night in northwest Libya, between the villages of Tarunah and Bani Walid.

Khamis, who headed the 32nd brigade charged with protecting the Gadhafi family, was taken to a hospital where he died from his injuries, the rebel commander said. He was then buried in the area by rebel forces, according to al-Harati.

Rebel officials have previously made claims, which later proved untrue, that children of Moammar Gadhafi had been killed or captured. Still, if verified, it would mark a significant step forward for the opposition movement, given Khamis' reportedly key role in his father's military and, according to human rights groups and U.S. Vice Adm. William Gortney of the Joint Staff, in attacking unarmed civilians.

Muneer Masoud Own, for instance, told CNN on Sunday that, among other attacks, forces led by Khamis killed scores of captive civilians as they tried to retreat from Tripoli. CNN could not independently verify the claim, though Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International both documented the alleged incident.

Khamis' mother -- and Moammar's wife -- Safia, meanwhile, is in Algeria. So, too, are the leader's daughter Aisha, two of his sons, Hannibal and Mohamed, and their children, who escaped to Algeria. The nation's U.N. ambassador, Mourad Benmehidi, said they were taken in on "humanitarian grounds."

Mahmoud al-Shammam, spokesman for the National Transitional Council, told CNN that if and when the NTC confirms the development, it will lodge a protest with the Algerian government and demand the Gadhafi kin be forced back to Libya.

They had escaped from Tripoli, where some shops have begun to reopen, traffic has picked up, and humanitarian aid has started trickling in. Plus, France reopened its embassy on Monday, and Britain said its personnel are preparing to do the same.

Yet life was still far from normal, with no running water in the city and food in short supply, and there was frenzied fighting elsewhere in the North African nation.

In fact, the chiefs of staff from countries involved militarily in the conflict -- Greece, Italy, Canada, Belgium, Jordan, Spain, Turkey and Norway -- who met in Qatar on Monday underscored that the "war in Libya is not over."

"There is still a need for the continuation of joint work in order to achieve the Libyan people's goals to get rid of the remnants of the Gadhafi regime," Qatar's news agency reported, citing the foreign military leaders.

One example of the challenges faced by rebels was evident in the southwestern Libyan city of Sabha, a traditional Gadhafi stronghold that has a military base and a thriving agricultural industry..

That's where "freedom fighters" were running out of ammunition and were being outgunned by Moammar Gadhafi "mercenaries," according to Abdel Karim Sabhwee, a rebel spokesman.

Sabhwee said on television that pro-Gadhafi brigades were joined by reinforcements from other towns, from which they had fled. He said talks for a peaceful resolution have stalled and three rebels were killed in fighting on Sunday.

Another flashpoint was in Gadhafi's birthplace of Sirte, east of Tripoli, where rebel fighters gave the leader's loyalists a deadline to disarm or face "liberation," said National Transition Council military spokesman Ahmed Bani.

The ultimatum follows days of fighting and reports of negotiations between rebels and loyalists to surrender the city.

Meanwhile, evidence began to emerge Sunday about the alleged atrocity committed by Khamis Gadhafi's brigade, which happened near a main road from Tripoli to the city's airport, which the rebels secured Friday after days of heavy fighting.

On August 22, Gadhafi forces hurled grenades and sprayed bullets into a building full of men they had promised to release, claimed survivor Muneer Masoud Own.

Rebels advancing on Tripoli discovered the bodies, many of which CNN video showed were charred beyond recognition, in a warehouse next to the military base. In addition, a resident who lives nearby said at least 22 bodies were found in a ditch near the base, but it was not clear whether those remains were connected to the killings at the warehouse.

CNN cannot independently verify the claims.

Own, 33, said that by the time of the attack, there were about 175 captives ranging in age from 17 to 70 in the warehouse. The guards told them they'd be released by sunset but, just before, the guards began shooting, according to Own.

Bashir Own, who is not related to Muneer Masoud Own but was also at the warehouse, estimated there were about 150 bodies.

Fred Abrahams, a special adviser at Human Rights Watch, said his group found the remains of at least 45 bodies in a warehouse, but he told CNN it is possible there were more deaths. The group found a survivor who said 153 detainees were at the site and 20 escaped from the attack.

Diana Eltahawy, an Amnesty International researcher, told CNN on Monday said there had been 150 to 160 at the location. She said about 50 bodies were found at the site, and it's not clear whether the rest escaped or were slain and then moved.

Except for calls into a loyalist television station from Moammar Gadhafi, he and his relatives have largely been unseen since rebels took over most of Tripoli last week.

But another of the leader's sons, businessman Saadi Gadhafi, has offered to negotiate an end to the war with the rebels, who he claimed cannot "build a new country without having us (at) the table." He has made previous offers, though this time he appeared ready to cut loose his father and his brother Saif al-Islam, once assumed to be the senior Gadhafi's heir.

"If (the rebels) agree to cooperate to save the country together (without my father and Saif) then it will be easy and fast. I promise!" Saadi Gadhafi said in an e-mail to CNN's Nic Robertson.

Meanwhile, debate continued to swirl Monday about Abdelbeset Ali Mohmed al Megrahi, the man convicted of blowing up a Pan Am jet over Lockerbie, Scotland, in 1988.

A number of leading U.S. senators have been highly critical of Scotland's decision to release al Megrahi from prison in 2009 on the grounds that he had cancer and was not likely to live more than three months, and there has been talk of seeking his extradition.

Al Megrahi is currently under the care of his family in his palatial Tripoli villa, surviving on oxygen and an intravenous drip.

Frank Duggan, president of the Victims of Pan Am 103 support group, blasted the report that al Megrahi was near death, saying he didn't believe it or that the convicted felon meritted any reprieve.

"His family is trying to make a sympathetic character out of an unrepentant, murderous monster," Duggan wrote CNN by e-mail on Monday.

The Scottish government Monday took aim at critics of its decision to release him and send him back to Scotland.

"Speculation about al Megrahi in recent days has been unhelpful, unnecessary and indeed ill-informed," said the Scottish government and the local council that monitors him since his release. "As has always been said, al Megrahi is dying of a terminal disease."

Libya's National Transitional Council told CNN Monday that the decision on what to do with al Megrahi will be left to the still-to-be elected government of Libya.

"This will be left to the Libyan people to decide in the future. The (council) is an interim body and it cannot decide major issues," Mahmoud Jibril, president of the executive bureau of the National Transitional Council, told CNN.

"Our main priority now is stability and order in the country and Tripoli," he added.
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WikiLeaks cables detail Apple's battle with counterfeits in China

(CNN) -- Apple was slow to act against the booming counterfeit industry in China and other Asian countries, according to cables obtained by WikiLeaks.


The technology giant eventually organized a team in March 2008 to curtail the explosion of knockoff iPods and iPhones, according to an electronic memo from the Beijing embassy dated September 2008.

Yet, three years after Apple moved to crack down on widespread counterfeiting and put pressure on China, progress has been slow. Gadget piracy isn't a high priority for the Chinese government, the U.S. reports and experts say.

Members of Apple's recently formed global security team were recruited from Pfizer after they executed a series of crackdowns on counterfeit Viagra production in Asia, the report says.

John Theriault, formerly Pfizer's security chief and, before that, a special agent for the Federal Bureau of Investigation, leads Apple's global security unit. Don Shruhan, who worked for Theriault at Pfizer, is now a director on Apple's security team in Hong Kong.

Shruhan told the Beijing embassy official that his group at Pfizer spent five years planning raids on counterfeit drug rings, the cable says. He said he's "afraid" of the volume of imitation Apple products being produced in China and about the inexperience of Apple's lawyers in dealing with Chinese authorities, the report says.

An Apple spokeswoman declined to comment. A Pfizer spokeswoman, who declined to comment on personnel matters, said the company has a strong global security team to handle the increase in counterfeit medicine worldwide.

WikiLeaks, a group that publishes private government documents, posted tens of thousands of previously unreleased U.S. diplomatic cables last week. The reports from the Beijing embassy detailing Apple's piracy crackdown were unclassified, but many were described as "sensitive" and "not for Internet distribution."

In December, Apple said it removed an application from its mobile store that let people browse WikiLeaks documents from their iPhones "because it violated developer guidelines." The company suggested that the app broke laws or could be harmful to people, but many free-speech advocates cried censorship, as they have in the past when Apple has pulled apps.

The fresh WikiLeaks documents shed new light on Apple's struggles with intellectual-property theft in China, but the subject hasn't completely flown under the radar.

Last month, international news media were rapt after discovering that China is home not only to fake Apple gadgets but also to imitation Apple stores, which had many of Apple's signatures. The Chinese government ordered two of the five unofficial stores to close because they had not secured proper business permits, but a spokesman for China's Kunming government defended the others, saying they sell authentic Apple merchandise, according to Reuters.

Apple owns and operates four stores in China. The three in Beijing and the one in Shanghai are Apple's highest trafficked and top grossing stores in the world, Peter Oppenheimer, Apple's financial chief, said in an earnings call in January.

But the hunger for Apple products is insatiable there. That's why stores have begun to sell the products without Apple's permission, while others are hawking cheaper, lower-quality gadgets that are aesthetically similar and bear the chic Apple logo.

China's Guangdong province, the country's most populous region, has become a hub for manufacturing and selling counterfeit Apple products, two of the newly surfaced cables say. The Foxconn Technology Group, which assembles products for Apple, operates factories in Guangdong.

Workers typically smuggle parts from the facilities in order to make replicas, said Lilach Nachum, an international business professor for Baruch College in New York who travels frequently to Asia. It's the cost of doing business in China, where many American companies go for inexpensive labor and efficient industrial plants, she said.

"Not to go to China is not really an option," Nachum said. "Companies cannot afford to do that. No one can afford to do that."

China's counterfeiting ring is responsible for supplying India with fake Apple products, the 2008 cable says. In raids, Indian officials uncovered shipments that had moved from China through Hong Kong, the report says.

Apple's early plans to go after counterfeiters, according to a cable, involved first targeting offending retailers and street vendors; next, Apple would work with police to raid manufacturing facilities; and finally, the company would pursue online resellers. The plans closely resemble Pfizer's successful strategy, the cable says, citing Shruhan, the Apple director.

"Shruhan said that low-profile retail raids are a good option for Apple, a company that wants to stay away from too much publicity surrounding this issue," the cable says. Theriault, Shruhan's boss, briefed Steve Jobs, then CEO, on the plans in 2008, the cable says.

But Apple is having limited success. In countless stores and at tables setup on streets, merchants purporting to sell iPods, iPhones and iPads at deeply discounted prices are prevalent, said Wini Chen, a student in San Francisco who recently returned from studying abroad in Beijing.

"They'll say, 'Yeah, we have iPad. We'll give you a really good deal,'" Chen recalled from her shopping trips. "If I really want to buy a knockoff Apple product, I could probably do that in 15 minutes."

Chinese officials readily cooperated with pharmaceutical companies on their raids, but that hasn't translated to software, as Microsoft has discovered, or electronics, as Apple is learning, said Nachum, the professor. Whereas a defective pill could cause sickness or death, a shoddy iPod has less dire consequences.

Apple had planned to strengthen its case with the government by arguing that defective batteries could blow up and injure people, and that lost tax revenue could have a significant economic impact, the cable says.

The arguments weren't very effective. China's government declined to investigate a facility in March 2009 that was manufacturing imitation Apple laptops because it threatened local jobs, says a cable dated April 2009. A different arm of China's government scrapped plans for a raid on an electronics mall in the Guangdong province because it could have driven away shoppers, the cable says.

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Gotta Love Those Ukrainian Protesters


Feminist movement FEMEN held a topless rally in front of the Embassy of Saudi Arabia to support Saudi women's right to drive.

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Millions flee as Hurricane Irene lashes US east coast, Asia News, Cambodia , Khmer News


Hurricane Irene is pummelling the US east coast after making landfall in North Carolina.



It has been blamed for five deaths in North Carolina, Virginia and Florida, as well as causing flooding and damage.

The 500-mile wide storm, with winds of around 80mph (129km/h), is moving slowly northwards. New York and other large cities are in its predicted path.

More than two million people have been ordered to leave their homes after warnings of storm surges and flooding.

New Jersey Governor Chris Christie announced on Saturday afternoon that "over a million people have left the Jersey shore in the last 24 hours".

In New York City, 300,000 people living in low-lying areas have been told to leave in an unprecedented mandatory evacuation.

However, Mayor Michael Bloomberg said many were choosing to ignore the evacuation orders.

More than 90 shelters with room for about 70,000 people have been opened but by early evening on Saturday only about 5,500 people had checked in.

"This is going to be a very serious storm, no matter what the track is, no matter how much it weakens. This is a life-threatening storm," Mr Bloomberg warned.

"Staying behind is dangerous, staying behind is foolish and it's against the law."President Barack Obama, who cut short his holiday to return to Washington, had a conference call about the hurricane with emergency officials on Saturday.

He earlier warned Irene could be "a historic hurricane" and that everyone should take the storm seriously.

The National Hurricane Center has downgraded Irene from a category two to a category one hurricane but says winds gusting up to 90mph extend outwards some 90 miles from the eye of the storm. Tropical-force winds extend as far as 290m.

The NHC expects Irene to weaken after hitting North Carolina, but it is forecast to remain a hurricane as it moves north along the Atlantic coast on Sunday.

Irene remains a "large and dangerous" storm, US Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano warned on Saturday.
'Dangerous surges'

The eye of the storm crossed the North Carolina coast near Cape Lookout at about 0730 local (1130 GMT) on Saturday - at the start of what is predicted to be a 36-hour assault on the US east coast.

Power lines have been toppled and more than 600,000 people are without electricity in North Carolina and neighbouring Virginia.

"Extremely dangerous" storm surges have been forecast in some areas state that could raise water levels by up to 11ft (3.35m).Residents hoping to ride out the storm have stocked up on food, water and fuel.

"There's nothing you can do now but wait. You can hear the wind and it's scary," one man who rode out the storm told the Associated Press.

"Things are banging against the house. I hope it doesn't get worse, but I know it will. I just hate hurricanes," said Leon Reasor in the Outer Banks town of Buxton.

In New York City, parts of Manhattan and into Staten Island are at particular risk, according to projections issued by city authorities.

At midday, the city's transport systems began to shut down. Airports are also closing.

Hospitals in affected areas have begun evacuating patients.

In Washington DC, Sunday's dedication of the new memorial for Martin Luther King Jr - which President Obama had been expected to attend - has been postponed until at least September. The power company serving the Washington area warned of "potential widespread power outages" at the weekend.
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Subterranean Amazon river 'is not a river', Asia News, Cambodia , Khmer News


A subterranean river said to be flowing beneath the Amazon region of Brazil is not a river in the conventional sense, even if its existence is confirmed.



The "river" has been widely reported, after a study on it was presented to a Brazilian science meeting last week.

But the researchers involved told BBC News that water was moving through porous rock at speeds measured in cm, or inches, per year - not flowing.

Another Brazilian expert said the groundwater was known to be very salty.

Valiya Hamza and Elizabeth Tavares Pimentel, from the Brazilian National Observatory, deduced the existence of the "river" by using temperature data from boreholes across the Amazon region.

The holes were dug by the Brazilian oil company Petrobras in the search for new oil and gas fields, and Petrobras has since released its data to the scientific community.

Using mathematical models relating temperature differences to water movement, the scientists inferred that water must be moving downwards through the ground around the holes, and then flowing horizontally at a depth of several km.They concluded that this movement had to be from West to East, mimicking the mighty Amazon itself.

A true underground river on this scale - 6,000km (4,000 miles) long - would be the longest of its kind in the world by far.

But Professor Hamza told BBC News that it was not a river in the conventional sense.

"We have used the term 'river' in a more generic sense than the popular notion," he said.

In the Amazon, he said, water was transported by three kinds of "river" - the Amazon itself, as water vapour in atmospheric circulation, and as moving groundwater.

"According to the lithologic sequences representative of Amazon [underground sedimentary] basins, the medium is permeable and the flow is through pores... we assume that the medium has enough permeability to allow for significant subsurface flows."
Glacial progress

The total calculated volume of the flow - about 4,000 cubic metres per second - is significant, although just a few percent of the amount of water transported by the Amazon proper.But the speed of movement is even slower than glaciers usually display, never mind rivers, not rivers.

And whether water really is transported right across the region in this way is disputed by Jorge Figueiredo, a geologist with Petrobras.

"First of all, the word 'river' should be burned from the work - it's not a river whatsoever," he told BBC News.

Water and other fluids could indeed flow through the porous sedimentary rock, he said, but would be unlikely to reach the Atlantic Ocean because the sedimentary basins containing the porous rock were separated by older rock deposits that would form an impermeable barrier.

"But the main problem is that at depths of 4,000m, there is no possibility that we have fresh water - we have direct data that this water is saline," said Dr Figueiredo.

"My colleagues and I think this work is very arguable - we have a high level of criticism."
End of the affair?

Press reports suggested Professor Hamza was optimistic about confirming his results over the next few years using more direct methods.

But, he said, this was not the case.

"It is well known that geothermal methods are better suited for determining flows with [such small] velocities," he said.

"At lower velocities, experimental techniques may pose considerable difficulties."

It may be possible to examine directly sediments transported into the Atlantic by the subterranean flow, he said, noting that a zone of relatively fresh water extends into the ocean near the mouth of the Amazon.

The research - Indications of an Underground "River" beneath the Amazon River: Inferences from Results of Geothermal Studies - was presented at the 12th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society in Rio de Janeiro, and has not been published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.

The team has named the underground flow the "Hamza River".

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Hurricane Irene makes US landfall as millions flee, Asia News, Cambodia , Khmer News


Hurricane Irene has made landfall on the US east coast, bringing winds of more than 85 mph (140km/h), as it hit North Carolina.



More than two million people have been ordered to leave their homes ahead of the massive category one storm.

In New York city, a quarter of a million people living in low-lying areas have been told to leave in an unprecedented mandatory evacuation.

The city mayor warned it was "foolish" and "dangerous" to ignore the order.

Irene is a "life-threatening storm" for New Yorkers, Michael Bloomberg told a news conference early on Saturday.New York State is one of seven states from North Carolina to Connecticut have declared emergencies.

US President Barack Obama has warned Irene could be "a historic hurricane".

He has urged people in the projected path of Hurricane Irene - the first hurricane of the Atlantic season - to take precautions.

"Don't wait, don't delay. All of us have to take this storm seriously," he said on Friday, before cutting short his holiday in Martha's Vineyard on the Massachusetts coast, to head back to Washington.

The National Hurricane Center has downgraded Irene from a category two to a category one hurricane but says it is still packing hurricane-force winds of 90mph (150km/h) that extend outwards some 90 miles (150km). Tropical-force winds extend as far as 290m (465km).

The NHC expects Irene to weaken in strength after hitting North Carolina, but it is forecast to remain a hurricane as it moves north along the Atlantic coast on Sunday.

US Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano said on Saturday that Irene remains a "large and dangerous" storm.
'Dangerous surges'

The eye of the storm crossed the North Carolina coast near Cape Lookout at about 0730 local (1130 GMT) on Saturday.

"Extremely dangerous" storm surges have been forecast in parts of the state that could raise water levels by as much as 11ft (3.35m).About 200,000 residents, mostly in the southern coastal area of North Carolina, were without power on Saturday morning as a result of Irene, a power company spokeswoman told Reuters news agency.

More than 200,000 people had already evacuated coastal areas as high waves and strong winds began to lash islands just off the mainland. Residents hoping to ride out the storm have stocked up on food, water and fuel.

Further north, tens of thousands of people are on the move in parts of Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey and New York City after mandatory evacuations were ordered for people living in low-lying areas.

In New York city, parts of Manhattan and into Staten Island are at particular risk, according to projections issued by city authorities.

The city's transport systems, including the subways and airports, are to shut from 1200 local on Saturday (1600 GMT).

Hospitals in affected areas of the city have begun evacuating patients.

In Washington DC, Sunday's dedication of the new memorial for Martin Luther King Jr - which President Obama had been expected to attend - has been postponed until at least September. The power company serving the Washington area warned of "potential widespread power outages" at the weekend.

Amtrak, the US rail network, announced it was cancelling services between Washington and Boston from Saturday, having already suspended operations south to Virginia and beyond.
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Singapore presidential election won by Tony Tan, Asia News, Cambodia , Khmer News


Singapore's former deputy prime minister Tony Tan has won the country's presidential election by a narrow margin.


The result was announced after a recount between Tony Tan and fellow front-runner Tan Cheng Bock.

Tony Tan, 71, was seen as the preferred candidate of the governing People's Action Party, which has run Singapore since independence.

Singapore's presidency is a largely ceremonial position.

The election was the first of its kind for 18 years.

Election officials said Tony Tan won by just 7,269 votes out of just over two million valid votes cast in Saturday's four-way race.

The Elections Department ordered a recount after the first tally showed the two front-runners were less than two percentage points apart.

The four candidates all shared the same surname, Tan.

Tony Tan's slim margin is seen as a blow for Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong who had backed him in the run-up to the election.

In a general election three months ago, the People's Action Party won all but six seats, but the opposition made significant gains.

Voters expressed their anger over immigration, living costs and high government salaries.

Singapore - a former British colony with a Westminster-style parliamentary system - instituted the position of president in 1965 when it became a republic.

Presidential candidates run as individuals because Singapore's head of state is supposed to be non-partisan.
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Islamic militants among prisoners freed from Libyan jail




Freed prisoners travel in the back of a pickup truck
after being released from a jail by rebel forces in Libya.
Tripoli, Libya (CNN) -- Hundreds of Islamist militants were among the prisoners freed from a notorious Tripoli prison this week, according to a former Libyan jihadist.


The freed militants had been imprisoned in Tripoli's Abu Salim prison by Moammar Gadhafi's regime during the height of the insurgency in Iraq, according to Noman Benotman, once a senior figure in the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group. Benotman said he believes as many as 600 militants may have been among the prison population at Abu Salim.

It's not known how many prisoners were held in the vast facility. Human Rights Watch said Gadhafi's prisons "have been filled to the limit in the last few months with thousands of people who were arrested for taking part in the anti-Gadhafi protests, or because of their suspected support for Libya's democratic opposition."

The human rights group, which recently had a team visit the prison, estimates that before the uprising, there were a few hundred Islamists held at Abu Salim.

Benotman said many of the militants released are pro-al Qaeda.

"Nobody knows what these released prisoners are going to do next," he said. "Will they take part in the fighting and if they do will they join pre-existing rebel brigades or form a separate fighting force?"

Benotman, now a senior analyst at the Quilliam Foundation in London, said the freed prisoners are Salafists, embracing a puritanical interpretation of Islam that has gained ground in Libya in recent years.

Gadhafi's regime imprisoned thousands of suspected pro-al Qaeda militants after the 2003 U.S. invasion of Iraq stoked radicalization in Libya, especially in its impoverished eastern provinces. According to Benotman, those rounded up by the regime included militants who had tried to travel to Iraq and some who had returned from fighting against U.S. forces there. He said many of them had already been released by the Gadhafi regime.

Internal al Qaeda in Iraq records seized by the U.S. military in 2007 indicated that proportionately more Libyans traveled to fight with al Qaeda in Iraq than from any other Arab country. Some saw fighting in Iraq as a "a last act of defiance against the Gadhafi regime," according to a confidential 2008 State Department cable made public by the website WikiLeaks, because of the rapprochement at the time between Gadhafi and the United States.

Wednesday's prison release, which occurred as rebel forces took control of the Abu Salim area of Tripoli, comes as Islamists are taking on an increasingly prominent role in the fight against the Gadhafi regime -- to the concern of some in the West.

Former members of the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG) have assumed leadership positions in several rebel brigades, according to Benotman. Their current prominence, he said, was due to their quick mobilization -- as armed opposition replaced peaceful protests in Libya -- and their valued military skills.

The former leader of the LIFG, Abdullah al Sadeeq, now commands one of the most powerful rebel brigades in Tripoli, according to Benotman and, according to reports, took charge of successful rebel efforts earlier this week to storm Gadhafi's Bab al-Aziziya compound, further bolstering his prominent position in rebel ranks.

Sadeeq was a well-known figure in the jihadist movement. He fought the Soviet-backed government in Afghanistan and helped found the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group there. In the mid-1990s the LIFG conducted a deadly campaign of attacks on Libyan security services, before a crackdown largely constrained the group's ability to operate inside the country. After the fall of the Taliban, Sadeeq fled Afghanistan to Iran and was eventually arrested in Hong Kong in 2004. According to Benotman, he was then held and interrogated by the CIA before being transferred to Libya where he was held in Abu Salim prison until his release in March 2010.

But Sadeeq has now become a powerful voice against al Qaeda's terrorism, according to Benotman, who says that Sadeeq always resisted requests by Osama bin Laden for his Libyan group to join forces with al Qaeda.

In 2009, Sadeeq and other senior LIFG leaders formally repudiated al Qaeda style terrorism and disbanded their campaign to overthrow the Libyan regime. The breakthrough was the result of a two-year dialogue with the regime brokered by Benotman. CNN interviewed leading figures of the LIFG in Abu Salim prison in Tripoli in September 2009, shortly before the group's leaders were released. Although they were then behind prison bars, the leaders' disavowal of violence appeared genuine.

Benotman says that former LIFG members who have again taken up arms have fused their efforts with rebel forces and do not operate as a separate armed group. Instead they have created a new political organization called the Islamic Movement for Change, which Benotman says is committed to working within a future democratic process.

He says other Islamist units are operating in Libya but does not know of any former members of his group who are fighting with them.

Benotman says that it will be important for the National Transitional Council to keep a close watch over the militants released from Abu Salim jail -- especially if they begin operating as a group outside the NTC chain of command. According to Benotman, the presence of former LIFG leaders in rebel ranks like Abdullah Sadeeq may help prevent this happening.

LIFG members and the younger generation of Salafi jihadists were often incarcerated in the same wing of Abu Salim prison. Benotman believes the presence of former LIFG commanders in rebel front lines will enhance their credibility amongst the released prisoners.

But he says some among the younger generation of jihadists have already begun operating outside the orbit of the NTC. In the east, where radicalization has historically run highest, young Salafi jihadists have linked up with foreign militants and may even have started their own training camps to train volunteers to fight the Gadhafi regime, according to Benotman. A number of jihadists, he says, have entered Libya from other Arab countries. In June, the NTC detained two suspected Jordanian jihadists in al-Brega in eastern Libya and expelled them, according to Benotman.

Neighboring Algeria, which waged a long battle against Islamist insurgents in the 1990s, has already expressed concern about the instability in Libya being exploited by al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb and other jihadist groups. Algerian officials are also concerned that weapons such as ground-to-air missiles may have fallen into militant hands, a worry that has also been expressed by U.S. commanders.

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Winds spread over eastern North Carolina as Irene nears landfall


Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina (CNN) -- Hurricane Irene neared coastal North Carolina late Friday and had metropolitan New York in its sights, staying on an unusual track that could bring deadly storm surge, heavy rainfall and misery to millions.





With winds near 100 mph, Irene churned toward an anticipated 7 to 8 a.m. landfall between Beaufort and Atlantic Beach, North Carolina, where a curfew was in effect.

But the massive storm -- which is shutting down hundreds of airline flights, Broadway shows and the New York subway system -- won't be content to curve away from the mainland after striking North Carolina.

Instead, a slowly weakening Irene will head for the Jersey shore, New York and southern New England, dangerous conditions in tow, forecasters said.

"We're going to see tropical storm-force winds for as much as 24 hours in some places and, in North Carolina, near and to the east of the center, they could experience hurricane force winds for as much as 10 hours," Ed Rappaport of the National Hurricane Center told CNN.

Irene roiled the surf and blew strong gusts of rain into the Carolinas as it neared landfall.

Ernie Seneca, a North Carolina spokesman, said authorities were concerned about the "entire eastern half of the state. This hurricane could potentially impact an area that includes 20 counties and 3.5 million people."

Irene was about 235 miles south-southwest of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, at 8 p.m. ET Friday, according to the hurricane center.

Hurricane warnings were in effect from Little River Inlet, North Carolina, to Cape Cod, Massachusetts. A hurricane warning means sustained winds of 74 mph or higher are expected within 36 hours.

President Barack Obama warned that Irene could be a "hurricane of historic proportions."

The Category 2 storm had top sustained winds of 100 mph, and it is expected to be borderline Category 1, with maximum winds of 95 mph, when it comes ashore Saturday and moves toward the Mid-Atlantic states, according to forecasters. Earlier Friday, winds were at 110 mph.

"This could still be a large and powerful storm," North Carolina Gov. Bev Perdue said. Evacuations were ongoing in 19 counties.

An ocean surge of up to 11 feet is possible in coastal North Carolina, tearing away beaches and probably damaging homes, businesses and other structures before sliding up the East Coast to New England, Hurricane Center Director Bill Read said.

Storm surges of 4 feet to 8 feet are possible in the Virginia Tidewater region, with 3- to 6-foot surges farther north along the New Jersey shore, Read said.

Other areas were under tropical storm warnings or watches. A tropical storm warning indicates that sustained winds of 39 to 73 mph are expected within 36 hours. A watch means such winds are possible.

New York City issued what Mayor Michael Bloomberg said was its first mandatory evacuation order, covering low-lying areas of all five of the city's boroughs. About 250,000 people are affected.

Authorities warned of widespread and prolonged power outages, flash flooding and storm surges that could flood low-lying communities and possibly inundate subway systems. The New York Metropolitan Transit Authority will shut down its system at noon Saturday. Five airports in metropolitan New York will close to arriving flights beginning at noon Saturday.

New Jersey Transit will shut down at noon, and the transit system in Philadelphia will halt service at 12:30 a.m. Boston said it intends to keep its system operating. The Garden State Parkway in New Jersey closed 98 miles of southbound lanes Friday night.

The storm also was forcing cancellations of concerts, sporting events and, in New York, all the weekend's Broadway shows.

Authorities on Friday urged residents who needed to leave to do so immediately.

"The sun is shining, but don't be misled," Bloomberg said. "There is a very dangerous storm headed in our direction."

Even guests in Atlantic City's iconic casinos were being asked to go. And the boardwalk in Ocean City, Maryland, will be quiet during one of the busiest times of the year.

Some plucky businesses were digging in. A restaurant in Wilmington, North Carolina, posted a message reading, "We are open until the letters fly off this sign," CNN affiliate WRAL reported.

Steve Aarthun, a resident of Wilmington, was preparing for his first hurricane. His wife, Sally, has seen three. They bought a generator, stocked up on bottled water and flashlights, and filled the bathtub with water.

"I feel the lull," Aarthun said mid-afternoon Friday. "You just have the sense it is coming."

The couple lives about a mile from the ocean and were hopeful they could avoid the storm surge.

Drew Goulde, a Kill Devil Hills resident and a maintenance worker at a hotel, was surfing, taking advantage of a higher-than-usual tide.

"It is fun," Goulde said. "I'm just messing around right now. It's kind of heavy out there, though."

Governments and private agencies launched an immense effort to prepare for the storm.

"All indications point to this being a historic hurricane," Obama said from Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, shortly before cutting short his vacation to return to Washington.

The mayor of Washington declared a state of emergency. The move opens up additional resources to deal with a storm that Vincent Gray said would "bring heavy rain, flash floods and high winds to the area."

The federal government began moving tons of supplies to military bases and other staging areas.

The U.S. Navy was sending 38 ships to sea, 13% percent of the deployable battle force vessels, a U.S. Navy official said.

Tens of millions of people could be affected by the storm as it moves up the densely populated East Coast, and officials urged residents to be prepared for the worst.

In New York, Bloomberg said, "The low-lying coastal areas that will be endangered most by storm surge include Coney Island and Manhattan Beach in Brooklyn, Far Rockaway and Broad Channel in Queens, South Beach, Midland Beach, and other low-lying areas on Staten Island, Battery Park City in Manhattan, and some small sections of the Bronx."

He added, "Now, we have never done a mandatory evacuation before, and we wouldn't be doing this now if we didn't think the storm had the potential to be very serious."

Amtrak, Greyhound and major U.S. airlines canceled routes and flights.

American Airlines canceled all flights in the Washington area from noon Saturday to noon Sunday, said spokesman Ed Martelle.

AirTran Airways has canceled 265 flights for Saturday through Monday, according to an airline spokeswoman. JetBlue Airways has canceled almost 900 flights in the Northeast ahead of the storm. Most of those are Sunday and Monday flights out of the New York metro area and Boston, said spokesman Mateo Lleras.

Delta Air Lines will cancel 1,300 flights from Saturday to Monday, spokesman Anthony Black said. Southwest Airlines said it is canceling scores of flights to and from the East Coast.

US Airways is planning "significant flight schedule reductions" at a number of airports, including Reagan Washington National, John F. Kennedy International and Newark International.
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North Korea reiterates stance on six-party talks




Kim Jong-Il said that North Koera is ready to resume the talks,
according to the state-run Xinhua news agency of China.
(CNN) -- North Korea has reiterated its willingness to resume six-party talks without preconditions, Chinese state media reported.


North Korean leader Kim Jong-Il said during a visit to China that the North is ready to resume the talks, the state-run Xinhua news agency of China reported.

North Korea pulled out of six-party talks in 2008.

In addition to the United States and North Korea, the six-party talks involved China, Japan, Russia and South Korea. The goal was nuclear disarmament on the Korean peninsula.

North Korea has called for the resumption of six-party talks without preconditions before.

The United States and South Korea, however, have insisted on some tangible demonstration that North Korea is serious about denuclearization.

Secretary of State Hillary Clinton has said, for example, that the United States wants North Korea to "take concrete and irreversible steps toward denuclearization."

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Bombing kills 10 in Pakistan




Pakistani security officials and volunteers gather at the bomb blast,
which left 10 people dead.
Islamabad, Pakistan (CNN) -- A bombing Thursday in northwest Pakistan killed 10 people and wounded 15 others, police said.



The bomb was attached to a bicycle parked outside a restaurant in Risalpur, police official Muhammad Hussain told CNN. It was detonated remotely.

Risalpur is 50 kilometers (30 miles) east of Peshawar. No one has claimed responsibility for the attack.

According to police, three of the fatalities were off-duty security officers inside the restaurant. Police suspect the restaurant was targeted because it often was frequented by security forces from a nearby air force academy.

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Sri Lanka state of emergency to end September 14


Colombo, Sri Lanka (CNN) -- A six-year state of emergency in Sri Lanka is scheduled to end September 14, a government spokesman told CNN Thursday night.


Sri Lankan President Mahinda Rajapaksa told Parliament earlier in the day that the emergency will come to an end, but failed to specify an exact date.

Rajapaksa will not sign a proclamation renewing the state of emergency when the current one ends on August 31, the spokesman said. He noted, however, that in accordance with Sri Lanka's constitution, the emergency would continue for another two weeks.

"Extension beyond that period will require parliamentary approval, but that will not be sought," he said.

Rajapaksa made the announcement during an unscheduled appearance before Parliament. He noted that since 2009 -- when the Tamil Tiger rebels were defeated -- there has "not been a single terrorist attack."

The declaration came shortly before the United Nations Human Rights Council is expected to take up Sri Lanka's case, which focuses in part on allegations of mass arrests and detentions by the government.

The council's 18th session begins in Geneva, Switzerland, on September 13.

Several countries -- including the United States, the United Kingdom, and India -- have called for a conclusion to the state of emergency.

"The United States welcomes President Rajapaksa's announcement in Parliament that the Emergency Regulations will lapse at the end of August," the U.S. Embassy in Colombo said in a written statement. "This is a significant step towards normalizing life for the people of Sri Lanka."

In terms of Sri Lanka's constitution, a declaration of a state of emergency by the minister of defense -- who is also the president -- for a period of over two weeks requires the approval of Parliament. The current phase of the state of emergency was introduced in 2005 after Tamil Tiger rebels assassinated Foreign Minister Lakshman Kadirgamar.

Since that time, the prime minister has sought an extension of the emergency on a monthly basis.

Controversy over the state of emergency heightened after a three-member U.N. panel said that both government troops and Tamil Tiger rebels committed war crimes during the final stages of the separatist war. While Sri Lanka's government insists that a locally appointed Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation Commission is probing the matter, the United States, Britain and the European Union have called the commission's mandate inadequate and are pressing for an international inquiry.

Sri Lankan opposition leader Ranil Wickremesinghe, who heads the right-wing United National Party, told Parliament that the withdrawal of the state of emergency alone would not help. He said there are "other measures" the government should adopt "to restore democracy."
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Ban: Fighting in Libya has entered 'new and decisive phase'

Tripoli, Libya (CNN) -- As fighting continued Friday in much of Libya, regional organizations underscored the need to plan carefully and move quickly to speed the transition from crisis to democracy.


In New York, U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said he had talked with heads of the organizations, which included the League of Arab States, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, the African Union and the European Union.

"All agreed that the crisis in Libya has entered a new and decisive phase," he said. "All agreed, as well, on the importance of a smooth transition."

That transition must be based on inclusiveness, reconciliation and national unity, he said.

"Fighting goes on in many parts of the country," Ban said. "There is an urgent need to put an end to the conflict and restore order and stability. All agreed that, if the Libyan authorities request, we should be prepared to help develop police capacity, bearing in mind that the country is awash with small arms."

The effect of the fighting has been profound, he said. "There are widespread shortages of fuel, food and medical supplies. Reports on the ground suggest that the water supply to the capital and surrounding region may be in danger, putting several million people or more at risk."

Friday's meeting participants agreed that the international community "must come together with an effective, well-coordinated program of action," Ban said.

Over the longer term, they emphasized early support for elections, transitional justice and policing, and help in social-economic recovery, rule of law and institution-building, Ban added.

He called Thursday's action by the Security Council in unfreezing $1.5 billion in Libyan assets "a welcome step" but said Friday's participants agreed that more must be done to ensure a stable transition of power.

Despite the continuing fighting, Moammar Gadhafi's grip on power has slipped, said Principal Deputy Press Secretary Josh Earnest, on Martha's Vineyard with the vacationing President Barack Obama.

"It is evident that there is momentum on the side of the rebels as they continue to make advances and as they continue in their efforts to set up a new government in Libya," he said.

Asked about the whereabouts of Libyan leader Gadhafi, he said, "Right now, as I've been saying the past few days, right now there is no evidence to indicate that Gadhafi has left Libya."

Earnest called on Gadhafi "to relinquish power once and for all," turn himself in and be held accountable.

The comments came as opposition and NATO forces took aim Friday at the Gadhafi regime in Tripoli and Sirte as rebels worked to consolidate their power across the country.

British warplanes pounded a "large headquarters bunker" overnight in Gadhafi's hometown of Sirte, the UK Defence Ministry said. Tornado aircraft fired a salvo of precision-guided missiles into the city, which is east of Tripoli on the central coast.

Outside one Tripoli hospital, the smell of disinfectant was overwhelmed by the smell of rotting human flesh. Inside, dozens of bodies lay abandoned in a room. In other rooms lay more. Some were wearing military boots, some dressed in fatigues, some in civilian clothes. One man was overwhelmed with joy to discover his son among the wounded inside the hospital. But his joy was tempered by the fact that the son's wound -- a bullet to the chest -- could still prove fatal.

In the heart of the capital, rebels began exploring the vast network of tunnels that run underneath Gadhafi's Bab al-Aziziya compound and much of the rest of the city. The thick-walled hallways -- wide enough for three people to walk abreast -- appeared to have been built to protect their occupants from bombing. But NATO's assault on the leader's compound was visible in one part of the tunnel, from which the sky was visible through a hole dug out by a bomb. Elsewhere in the bunker was a professionally equipped television studio.
There is an urgent need to put an end to the conflict and restore order and stability.
--Ban Ki-moon
RELATED TOPICS

* Barack Obama
* Libya
* Moammar Gadhafi

Other previously hidden areas were opened to public view. In Tripoli, a former U.S. airbase converted by Gadhafi into a military airport showed graphically that the longtime leader's military had begun to decay long before rebels picked up their guns against him in February: Long lines of helicopters and dust-laden jets once worth millions of dollars apiece sat rusting on the tarmac. This is also where Gadhafi parked his private jets. A tree sprouted from part of one runway.

The opposition said its forces made gains late Thursday as it closed in on Sirte, and clashes flared Friday in that region, considered by fighters as a hot war zone.

On Thursday, Tornado aircraft destroyed one of Gadhafi's few remaining long-range surface-to-air missile systems, near Al Watiyah, close to the Tunisian border, the ministry said.

The ministry said Tornadoes and Typhoons destroyed a loyalist-held command-and-control site in the Tripoli area, also on Thursday. Britain is a participant in NATO's mission to enforce a U.N. Security Council resolution calling for the protection of Libyan people against Gadhafi regime forces.

As for the airport, rebels said they controlled the facility but were struggling to secure an area east of it controlled by Gadhafi loyalists.

The rebels said Gadhafi loyalists were indiscriminately shelling the airport from a civilian village east of the facility in an effort to repel the advance of rebel forces. Rebels said they were cautious in their response to the incoming fire because of concern over civilian casualties.

An aircraft burned as loyalists resumed shelling the airport with mortars and Grad rockets, a CNN team that witnessed the attack said.

A 17-year-old rebel said he hates war but feels forced to fight until the war ends. At that point, "I'm going to see my mother. I'm going to see my family," said Louis al-Zinatni. "I'm going to remove this gun from my hands. It's not for me."

The reports of continuing fighting came amid world concerns over revenge killings by rebels and loyalists.

Amnesty International has gathered accounts from survivors of abuse in Zawiya by pro-Gadhafi soldiers and rebel forces.

Amnesty said it also uncovered evidence that pro-Gadhafi forces killed detainees at two military camps in Tripoli on Tuesday and Wednesday.

Escaped detainees said loyalist forces had used grenades and gunfire on scores of prisoners at one camp, while guards at the other camp fatally shot five detainees. "Loyalist forces in Libya must immediately stop such killings of captives, and both sides must commit to ensuring no harm comes to prisoners in their custody," Amnesty International said.

The InternationalCriminal Court has issued an arrest warrant for Gadhafi alleging crimes against humanity.

On the political front, the opposition National Transitional Council was moving its political base to Tripoli from its stronghold in Benghazi in eastern Libya.

Libya's rebel leadership on Friday pleaded with the United States and other countries to unfreeze more money, saying the funds are vital to establish peace and stability in the nation.

"Our friends throughout the world are talking about the procedures needed to bring back peace and stability," Mahmoud Jibril, a senior National TransitionalCouncil leader, said at an international conference in Turkey. "But we cannot do that unless we can fulfill our duties."

Though the National Transitional Council has been recognized by 57 nations as the legitimate representative of the Libyan people, the Peace and Security Council of the African Union failed to follow suit at a meeting Friday.

Nevertheless, the council issued a communique that urged the "formation of an inclusive transitional government."

It called for the "establishment of a constitutional and legislative framework for the democratic transformation of Libya, as well as for support towards the organization of elections and the national reconciliation process."

In Washington, a U.S. deputy assistant secretary of state, Aaron Snipe, said he was pleased that 20 countries on the African continent have recognized the National Transitional Council.

"The international community has come out very much in one voice to support the aims and the purposes of the Libyan people," he said.
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India's Rahul Gandhi questions Hazare's hunger strike protest

New Delhi (CNN) -- India's Rahul Gandhi warned lawmakers Friday not to allow the nation's democracy to be undermined, in an apparent criticism of anti-corruption campaigner Anna Hazare's high-profile hunger strike.


His remarks came after Hazare's public fast entered its 11th day, as the 74-year-old activist presses for the creation of a powerful Lokpal, or citizen ombudsman, to tackle corruption.

"Individuals have brought our country great gains. They have galvanized people in the cause of freedom and development. However, we must not weaken the democratic process," Gandhi, who is tipped by Indian media as a future prime minister, told parliament in a speech.

He thanked Hazare for articulating what he called larger public disillusionment with a system plagued by massive corruption.

But in his address to the national assembly, the 40-year-old general secretary of India's governing Congress party cautioned against pressuring elected institutions.

"This (democratic) process is often lengthy and lumbering. But it is so in order to be inclusive and fair. It provides a representative and transparent platform where ideas are translated into laws," said Gandhi, whose Italian-born mother Sonia heads the Congress party.

"A process divorced from the machinery of an elected government, or this house, that seeks to undo the checks and balances created to protect the supremacy of parliament sets a dangerous precedent for a democracy," he told the lower chamber of elected lawmakers.

Three of Gandhi's ancestors -- Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi and his father Rajiv Gandhi -- have served as the country's prime minister in the past.

Echoing current Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's views that any institution alone cannot eradicate deeply-entrenched corruption, Gandhi described the proposed Lokpal as just one tool in the fight against graft.

"Witnessing the events of the last few days it would appear that the enactment of a single bill will usher in a corruption-free society. I have serious doubts about this belief," Gandhi said.

"An effective Lokpal law is only one element in the legal framework to combat corruption. The Lokpal institution alone cannot be a substitute for a comprehensive anti-corruption code. A set of effective laws is required," he added.

Activists and the Indian government have been in talks for days, but there has been a deadlock primarily over three outstanding points to which campaigners want parliament and the government to agree.

One of them relates to bringing Indian officials under the jurisdiction of the anti-corruption legislation.
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'Awesome' hurricane rips through Bahamas' 700 islands

Nassau, Bahamas (CNN) -- The Bahamas worked to return to normal Thursday evening after the worst of Hurricane Irene hammered the Caribbean island chain.


By 4:45 p.m., the U.S. National Hurricane Center noted, the Bahamian government had discontinued the hurricane warning that had been in effect for the central part of the island nation.

But notably, a short time later, Bahamas' National Emergency Management Agency "strongly" urged those on the island of New Providence -- home to the national capital, Nassau -- to stay off the streets until authorities give an "all clear."

The storm wreaked significant havoc on the Bahamas, though there were no immediate reports of deaths or injuries, according to Bahamian government agencies. Previously, officials blamed Irene for two deaths in the Dominican Republic and one in Puerto Rico.

Irene began bearing down on the Bahamas on Wednesday night, bringing 115 mph winds that ripped through trees and power lines and whipped up waters offshore.

"Last night, it felt like there were several jet airplanes landing on the house," said Ric von Maur, an American who has lived in Nassau for the past six years. "But once daylight came, we knew things were going to be OK."

While early reports Thursday indicated few major problems in the main tourist hubs, authorities were still trying to gauge the severity of damage across all the Bahamas' 700 islands, which the nation's tourism website notes are spread over 100,000 square miles of ocean.

Some of the worst-hit areas were Cat, San Salvador and Long islands, each of which took "direct hits," according to Gayle Outten-Moncur of the National Emergency Management Agency.

"There has been bad flooding in some areas," she said, in part due to storm surges.

Specifically, Outten-Moncur noted that there were reports of between two and three feet of water in homes on Cat Island, which is about 130 miles southeast of Nassau and Paradise Island. On Northern Cat Island, Bahamas Information Services reported that a police station's roof had blown off.

On the island of Mayaguana, meanwhile, several churches reported damage that included some lost roofs, said the National Emergency Management Agency.

A high school's roof blew off on Crooked Island, where part of St. John the Baptist church collapsed. And several homes were blown away on Acklins Island, part of the destruction of a large portion of the Lovely settlement, according to the Emergency Management Agency.

Even as the clean-up began, the Bahamas Ministry of Tourism tried to reassure travelers that the islands should largely be open for business soon -- especially in New Providence and Grand Bahama island, the site of Freeport and the area closest to Miami.

In a statement late Thursday afternoon, the ministry said an "initial assessment ... on major tourism areas in Nassau and Grand Bahama Island indicates limited damage and points to a quick return to normal operations."

Specifically, the ministry said that cruise ports in both locales should open late Thursday, with ships set to resume stopping there by Saturday. Government offices and banks will reopen Monday.

Airports on those two islands should resume operations Friday, it said, and assessments are under way on the other, mostly smaller airports elsewhere in the chain.

The ministry noted that 6,000 guests made it through the storm at the country's largest resort, Atlantis, adding that other resorts "will be open for business as early as tomorrow."

Electricity remained out Thursday afternoon for two-thirds of the customers on New Providence, including von Maur in Nassau, who noted that cell phone service has continued uninterrupted. He said he's breathing easier knowing that his family, neighbors and friends appear to have escaped uninjured. And he said he was impressed by the hurricane's fury.

"Once everybody knows everybody's OK, (a hurricane) is pretty awesome," he said.

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